Which of the following is NOT considered a blunder in surveying?

In surveying, a blunder is typically considered a significant mistake that can lead to errors in measurements and results. Misreading a scale, incorrectly setting up equipment, and accidentally skipping a measurement are all examples of blunders because they involve critical errors made during the surveying process that impact the accuracy of the data collected.

Consistent deviation from true values, on the other hand, suggests a systematic error rather than a single mistake. Systematic errors can arise from equipment calibration issues, observational bias, or environmental factors, but they don’t stem from a specific miscalculation or oversight at a single moment. Instead, this type of error is more predictable and can often be identified and corrected by adjustments in methodology or equipment, making it less of a "blunder" in the traditional sense.

Understanding the distinction between blunders and errors is crucial in surveying, as it guides surveyors to focus on reducing blunders through careful procedures while also being aware of systematic errors that need correction over time.